VWAP Execution explained
The VWAP or Volume Weighted Average Price is the average price at which your order is executed, where each trade price is weighted by the fraction of the volume associated with the trade.
For instance, when a trader places a large position, it may be filled at different prices as per the current market liquidity. VWAP summarizes all trades that occurred from the start of the order until the order was completed.
If you decide to buy 6 Million EURUSD at market, the order will be filled through the top 3 price levels of the trading book:
BID Volume |
BID Quotes |
Spread |
ASK Quotes |
ASK Volume |
1,000,000 |
1.20204 |
0.1 pip |
1.20205 |
1,500,000 |
5,000,000 |
1.20203 |
0.3 pip |
1.20206 |
2,000,000 |
600,000 |
1.20202 |
0.5 pip |
1.20207 |
3,200,000 |
2,200,000 |
1.20202 |
0.6 pip |
1.20208 |
3,500,000 |
Note: quotes and volumes in this table are only for illustrative purposes and they will depend on the current market liquidity
In detail,
- Buy 1,5 million at 1.20205 (cumulative volume = 1,5 million; remaining to fill = 4,5 million)
- Buy 2 million at 1.20206 (cumulative volume = 3,5 million; remaining to fill = 2,5 million)
- Buy 2,5 million at 1.20207 (cumulative volume = 6 million; remaining to fill = 0)
In summary, your VWAP or Volume Weighted Average Price, will be calculated using the following formula:
VWAP = (1,500,000/6,000,000) x 1.20205 + (2,000,000/6,000,000) x 1.20206 + (2,500,000/6,000,000) x 1.20207
VWAP = 1.202062